The word theory, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, is “a hypothesis that has been confirmed or established by observation or experiment, and is propounded or accepted as accounting for the known facts.” To be considered a theory, something must be “confirmed” and account for the “known facts.” Evolution has been neither, as shall be proven herein.
In contrast, a “hypothesis” as defined by Oxford is “a proposition or principle put forth or stated (without any reference to its correspondence with fact) merely as a basis for reasoning or argument …. [A] provisional supposition from which to draw conclusions that shall be in accordance with known facts, and which serves as a starting point for further investigation by which it may be proved or disproved and the true theory arrived at.” More simply stated, a hypothesis is an idea or a guess at something without facts to support it. If the evidence proves the hypothesis, it then becomes a theory.
The idea of evolution has never reached that step. At best, evolution is a hypothesis. Unproven and without “correspondence with fact,” it stands as an idea scientists seem desperate to substantiate, though they remain unable to do so. An examination of the facts easily proves there is no theory of evolution.
What Is Evolution?
Evolution is the belief that life spontaneously erupted from non-living chemicals—all life today coming from that eruption. It includes the idea that all creatures alive today have, after many varied steps, come into existence from some previously existing creatures. For example, it is claimed that a fish in the past began changing, then, over millions of years and many intermediate steps, became a mammal of today.
Evolution supporters suggest that fish somehow became amphibians and amphibians somehow became mammals. This process is supposed to have taken many millions of years, involving millions of intermediate steps to achieve.
Do not confuse the theory of evolution with adaptation of a species or genetic variation. Adaptation simply means that something changes to fit its environment, not that it changes into some other species. Genetic variation occurs when there are limiting factors in the available gene pool. But again, it does not produce some new species—only changes within the same species.
This can be seen in the different breeds of animals such as horses. Draft horses have been bred to produce size and power; miniature horses for smallness and quarter horses for quickness. No one denies that they have common ancestors, but no one suggests they are no longer horses either. These differences do not represent evolution. Horses are still horses. The evolutionist suggests that perhaps walruses changed into horses, or the other way around.
To investigate evolution, it is necessary to observe the evidence and decide whether the conclusions of evolutionists follow logic and are in harmony with the physical evidence, or if those conclusions are established by conjecture and opinion based on preconceived beliefs.
Falsifying the Truth
Examining the evidence is not as easy as it may seem. It would be assumed that the facts could be found in science books, magazines and articles. That assumption would be wrong. Certainly some facts may be discovered in the scientific literature, but the authors of such works seem bent on promulgating false and misleading information about evolution. With much enthusiasm, proponents of evolution often steer past the facts and go directly to the myths surrounding their beloved hypothesis that guides and even directs the writing of the textbooks and articles they publish.
Using common skills of discernment, anyone can discover the falsehoods included in most pro-evolution writings. Let’s expose a few of these obvious attempts to color the public’s and even the scientific community’s understanding of the unsupported theory of evolution.
Most biology textbooks have a section about evolution. One of the favorite “proofs” commonly included in such a chapter is the similarity of embryos from a variety of animals and man. This information may be traced back to embryologist Ernest Haeckel in the mid-1800s. Haeckel published pictures he claimed were the embryos of a fish, salamander, tortoise, chicken, hog, calf, rabbit and human being. He tried to show that the embryos look similar in the early stages of development. This was supposed to show they all had a common ancestor.
The problem is, the pictures were not accurate; in fact, they were faked. Jonathan Wells wrote in his book Icons of Evolution: Science or Myth?, “When Haeckel’s embryos are viewed side by side with actual embryos, there can be no doubt that his drawings were deliberately distorted to fit his theory.”
This fraud was known and published as early as 1894 by Prof. Adam Sedgwick of Cambridge University, who wrote that the similarities reported by Haeckel are “not in accordance with the facts of development.”
Scientists continue to find fault with the “evolutionary evidence” created by Haeckel. In 1977, “Erich Blechschmidt noted: ‘The early stages of human embryonic development are distinct from the early development of other species.’ And in 1987, Richard Elinson reported that frogs, chicks and mice ‘are radically different in such fundamental properties as egg size, fertilization mechanisms, cleavage patterns, and [gastrulation] movements’” (Wells, op. cit.).
The curator of the fossil collection at Harvard’s Museum of Comparative Zoology, Stephen Jay Gould, wrote about the Haeckel fraud: “Haeckel had exaggerated the similarities by idealizations and omissions. He also, in some cases—in a procedure that can only be called fraudulent—simply copied the same figure over and over again” (Natural History, March 2000). Gould further commented on the deleterious effect of such “inaccuracy” when it is reproduced in a textbook and not corrected: “The smallest compromise in dumbing down by inaccuracy destroys integrity and places an author upon a slippery slope of no return.”
Haeckel’s fraudulent drawings are presently in at least 10 major biology textbooks published from 1998 through 2000. In each case, they are used to demonstrate the supposed similarity of early embryos in different animals and man, and the authors claim this is evidence of common ancestry and Darwin’s evolution hypothesis. These authors simply perpetuate Haeckel’s fraud in an effort to promote what they call the “theory” of evolution.
The problem is, the authors of modern science textbooks will include the faked pictures as proof of evolution even when they know of the fraud. Students are being taught these lies as if they are facts. The students then build their own belief system on such lies, only perpetuating the lies.
Even Darwin used the Haeckel lie. In his famous book, On the Origin of Species, Darwin called the similarity of embryos as reported by Haeckel “the strongest single class of facts” for evolution. The father of the “theory” of evolution used evidence from science literature already known to be false. There had already been many articles published in the mid-to-late 1800s which disproved the drawings of Haeckel, making it inconceivable that Darwin was not aware of the fraud. Yet he included Haeckel’s pictures not only as evidence for evolution, but also called them “the strongest single class of facts.”
There are many other specific examples of misinformation intentionally being published in textbooks. For example, the experiment performed in the early 1950s which supposedly reproduced the atmospheric conditions of the Earth billions of years ago continues to be reported in science textbooks. It claims to show how proteins were formed. The fact is, the scientific community has demonstrated that the environment within the test tubes was unlike any on Earth. There is no evidence the atmosphere was ever made up of the concoction used in this experiment, yet it is regularly referred to as a possible starting point from which all creatures have evolved.
Another example worth mentioning is that of the peppered moths. “Most peppered moths were light-colored in the early part of the 19th century, but during the Industrial Revolution in Britain the moth populations near heavily polluted cities became predominantly ‘melanic,’ or dark-colored. … [E]xperiments suggested that predatory birds ate light-colored moths when they became more conspicuous on pollution-darkened tree trunks, leaving the dark-colored variety to survive and reproduce” (Wells, op. cit.).
To demonstrate the camouflage of the dark moths, many books, when explaining evolution, have pictures of peppered moths on tree trunks. The dark moths blend in and the light moths stand out clearly. This is supposed to prove the theory of “natural selection.” But fraud and lies permeate this deception as well.
As ridiculous as it may seem, the pictures are themselves faked. Peppered moths do not land on tree trunks in nature; they light on the undersurface of small horizontal branches higher in the trees. One researcher (Cyril Clarke) noted that in 25 years of observation he had only seen one peppered moth on a tree trunk. So where did the pictures of peppered moths on tree trunks come from? Dead moths were glued or pinned to the tree trunks. This fact has been known since about 1980, and still the faked pictures are being published in textbooks as proof of evolution.
There are multitudes of other misleading statements, false conclusions and outright lies common to pro-evolution literature. These things continue to be included in modern science textbooks and articles. The reader must sift through the debris to find the facts.
The ‘Evidence’
Even with all the fraud currently found in science, there are facts that can be discerned. It takes patience and work to dig them out of the scientific literature, which is so biased in favor of evolution.
One of the easiest facts to discover about evolution is that of the missing links. The evolutionary hypothesis has changed through the years, but it always claims that the animals of today came from predecessors that were different. Birds came from reptiles, for example. Some scientists believe these changes happened slowly over tens of millions of years, while others believe they happened somewhat quickly, perhaps changing in only 5 million years or so. In either case, the changes are supposed to have happened randomly and resulted in life as we see it today.
Evolutionists suggest that many different genetic changes occurred, but only the changes that caused an advantage of some sort remained. In other words, the animals with the weakest changes died out and the stronger, more beneficially changed animals lived on and continued to change.
Here is where the links are missing. If reptiles somehow changed and became mammals, there should be fossils representing the intermediate steps. But there are none. These missing intermediate fossils are referred to as “missing links.” And no matter what animal is studied, without exception, there is a gap in the records where these “missing links” exist. Through the millions of years and billions of animals it would take to evolve from one species to another, there is not a single fossil to demonstrate the link from one species to another. Yet the evolutionists base their conclusions on such connecting links as if they were commonplace in the fossil record.
Duane T. Gish, Ph.D., in his book Evolution: The Fossils Still Say No!, states, “Even though this transition is supposed to have taken 100 million years, not a single intermediate [fossil] has ever been discovered.”
According to anthropologist Tom Kemp, in his famous review, Mammal-like Reptiles and the Origin of Mammals, “In no single adequately documented case is it possible to trace a transition, species by species, from one genus to another.”
This admission of missing links is nothing new, as is demonstrated by this statement from 1930 by Dr. A. H. Clark in The New Evolution: Zoogenesis: “No matter how far back we go in the fossil record of previous animal life upon Earth, we find no trace of any animal forms which are intermediate between the various major groups or phyla.”
Not one “missing link” has been discovered. This represents a huge piece of the evolutionary pie that is missing, and it cannot rationally be ignored. But that is exactly what pro-evolution scientists do. They refuse to release their grip on evolution even when the evidence contradicts their claims.
Even Darwin was aware of the missing evidence for evolution. Evolutionist Sir Edmund Leach stated in Nature 293:19 (1981), “Missing links in the sequence of fossil evidence were a worry to Darwin. He felt sure they would eventually turn up, but they are still missing and seem likely to remain so.”
Evolutionists claim that if one creature is physically similar to another, it is evidence of a common ancestor. An example used to demonstrate this hypothesis is found in the bones of the forelimbs of various animals and man. Pictures of the bones in whale flippers, monkey arms and human arms do appear similar.
The possibility that bones in the forelimbs are similar because they were planned and created by the same Designer seems to elude the thinking of evolution scientists. Why? If science is a search for truth, shouldn’t scientists consider every option? It seems they will consider every option except that of God.
Spontaneous Generation
The idea that life sprang forth from some primordial ooze is at the foundation of the evolutionary concept—that is what evolutionists claim caused life on Earth to begin. However, the idea of spontaneous generation was disproved centuries ago.
Aristotle wrote, “Larvae of the bee or wasp, ticks, fireflies and many other insects develop from the morning dew, or from decaying slime and manure, or from dry wood, hair, sweat and meat” (The Origin of Life, A. I. Oparin). He claimed that worms were generated by moist soil. “Man,” he speculated, “may have a similar origin.” Aristotle’s vain speculations were accepted as truth for many centuries.
In 1668, an Italian named Francesco Redi struck this old idea with a fatal blow. The Ambassador College Bible Correspondence Course wrote: “By placing gauze over a jar of meat, he prevented flies from depositing their eggs on the meat. He thus prevented the hatching of maggots, which people had been led to assume would spring spontaneously as ‘new life’ from dead matter.
“After the microscope was invented in 1683, the masterly work of [John] Tyndall and Louis Pasteur proved conclusively that the ‘law of biogenesis’ [that life can come only from life] held true for microscopic forms of life as well!
“Evolutionists, geneticists, biologists, scientists in any field whatsoever, have never been able to demonstrate, nor to offer the slightest evidence that the living can come into existence from the not-living!
“George Wald, professor of biology at Harvard, admits, ‘One has only to contemplate the magnitude of this task to concede that the spontaneous generation of a living organism is impossible. Yet here we are as a result, I believe, of spontaneous generation’ (The Physics of Life). Notice that some scientists are so steeped in the theory of evolution, they cannot bring themselves to fully accept the absolutely irrefutable proof of scientific laboratory experiments!” (Lesson 11).
Ask a paleontologist, geologist, archaeologist or geneticist if he believes in spontaneous generation, and he will tell you that it was disproved several hundred years ago. Ask him how life started, and he will tell you it started from lifeless chemicals possibly heated by a spontaneous lightning strike. As Dr. Wald stated above, this is “impossible”!
There is something wrong with a thought process ending with an “impossible” conclusion. At best, it is irrational; at worst, it is intentional deception. Either way, such reasoning is commonplace in the literary support for evolution.
The Diabolical Plot
It may be a difficult task to sort out the facts from the fiction when researching the “theory” of evolution. But harder still for most people is giving up an idea even when it is proven to be wrong. Educator Herbert W. Armstrong wrote, “The most difficult thing for any human seems to be to admit being wrong—to confess error of belief and conviction—to unlearn false knowledge as well as to learn true knowledge” (Mystery of the Ages).
The “theory” of evolution has repeatedly been proven wrong, yet scientists will not admit they have been wrong. They refuse to give up false knowledge and make room for the truth. Their commitment to the false “theory” of evolution is great indeed.
There is only one scenario that fits all the evidence perfectly, and that is creation! The facts support the planned, guided and purposeful design and creation of everything in the physical universe.
The presence of only levo-amino acids in living materials is so mathematically improbable, the only way it makes sense is if it was purposely designed—and that requires a Designer and Creator. No other model works.
The anti-creation bias is so deeply rooted within the scientific community that many scientists may not even realize its presence. Their willingness to rely on and teach known lies to students in elementary, secondary, university and graduate studies proves how far they are willing to go to try to substantiate their uncorroborated “theory” of evolution.
Actually, the illogical and otherwise unexplainable vivacity with which evolution is being promoted is evidence of a Creator. There is no other reason for intelligent men and women of science to retain their beliefs in view of the facts. The only rational explanation is a spiritual adversary.
God the Creator has an enemy, Satan the devil, who opposes Him in everything. The influence of God’s enemy on the thinking of scientists becomes obvious when they dismiss the truth and accept such lies.
Nearly 2,000 years ago, the following statement was written: “And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind …” (Romans 1:28). Satan has displaced God from the thinking of most humans and God has allowed a “reprobate mind” to be the result. This lack of logic is evident throughout the “theory” of evolution and in the scientists who embrace it.
A few men through the years have recognized the attempt to remove God from the picture systematically. In an article published in the Spectator in 1860, summarizing Darwin’s book about evolution, Adam Sedgwick stated, “From first to last it is a dish of rank materialism cleverly cooked and served up. As a system of philosophy it is not unlike the tower of Babel, so daring in its high aim as to seek a shelter against God’s anger; but it is like a pyramid poised on its apex. It is a system embracing all living nature, vegetable and animal; yet contradicting—point blank—the vast treasure of facts that the Author of nature has, during the past two or three thousand years, revealed to our senses. And why is this done? For no other solid reason, I am sure, except to make us independent of a Creator.”
Mr. Armstrong once wrote, “Evolution is Satan’s most powerful modern weapon. It is Christianity’s greatest enemy” (“Putting the Evolution Concept Into Your Child’s Mind,” 1950).
Explaining the reason for such staunch espousal of the “theory” of evolution, Mr. Armstrong wrote in The Missing Dimension in Sex, “Science as a whole, and higher education, have exercised the academic freedom to postulate a creation without a Creator.” The “theory” of evolution demonstrates the depth to which men are willing to go in an attempt to explain creation and leave out God.
“The fear of the Lord is the beginning of knowledge: but fools despise wisdom and instruction” (Proverbs 1:7). Herein is the problem. Men, wanting to have no authority over them, refuse to fear God. They seek any possible explanation to remove the Creator and His rule from their lives. They are, perhaps unknowingly, allies of Satan as assailants of God.
It is possible to discern the truth with careful scrutiny and work. But first to be able to learn the full truth, it is necessary to fear God. Then the real truth about the creation and the Creator may be discovered. God wants mankind to be fully aware of His existence and His plan for the universe!
Satan’s influence can be seen in every aspect of human reasoning, and that includes the hypothesis of evolution. Deception has been used in an effort to imprison mankind with ignorance, and evolution is one such attempt.
Jesus Christ made it clear that we can be set free from the lies of this world. Seeking real truth is the only way to obtain freedom from ignorance. As Christ said in John 8:32, “And ye shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free.”